Arisaema serratum
| Arisaema serratum | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Alismatales |
| Family: | Araceae |
| Genus: | Arisaema |
| Species: | A. serratum
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| Binomial name | |
| Arisaema serratum | |
Arisaema serratum is a species of flowering plant in the arum family (Araceae). It is native to Japan, where it is found from the Kansai region north to the island of Hokkaido.[1] Its natural habitat is damp forests.[1]
Arisaema serratum is a perennial. It produces two leaves, with 7-13 leaflets each.[2] The color of the flowering bract is variable, being either purple or green. It blooms from May to June.[1]
It is similar to Arisaema mayebarae, which is restricted to Kyushu (an island where Arisaema serratum is not present). Arisaema serratum can be distinguished by its shorter spathe blade, which declines over the tip of the mouth (as opposed to being held at a horizontal angle).[2]
Subspecies
[edit]- Arisaema serratum var. atropurpureum Engl.
- Arisaema serratum var. izuense (Nakai) Gusman & L.Gusman
- Arisaema serratum var. serratum
- Arisaema serratum var. suwoense (Nakai) H.Ohashi & J.Murata
Toxicity
[edit]All parts of A. serratum contain needle-like calcium oxalate crystals, saponins, and coniine. Toxicity is especially concentrated in the underground bulb; touching the juice causes inflammation.[3] Ingestion results in intense pain from the mouth to the throat, making it impossible to swallow. Symptoms include diarrhea, vomiting, and respiratory paralysis; severe cases can be fatal.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Arisaema serratum form. viridescens (in Japanese), Flora of Mikawa
- ^ a b Ohwi, Jisaburo (1965). Flora of Japan. Smithsonian Institution. p. 262.
- ^ a b 羽根田治『新装版・野外毒本：被害実例から知る日本の危険生物』山と渓谷社 2014年、ISBN 9784635500357 p.175.